MS 1462-1 menetapkan bahawa perancah kerangka keluli tidak mencakupi penggunaannya sebagai penyangga atau penyokong pembinaan struktur acuan. Oleh itu, komponen perancah kerangka keluli tidak sesuai digunakan sebagai penyangga atau penyokong pembinaan struktur acuan.

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If you carry out any maintenance, repair, renovation or any other works of your building in your factory (office etc.) or any structure, these works are defined as building operations or works of engineering construction. As such you must also comply with the Factories and Machinery (Building Operations and Works of Engineering Construction) (Safety) Regulations 1986. There are spesific requirements related to certain work activities or plants in these regulations such as cleaning, repairing and maintenance of roos, gutters, windows, louvres and ventilators (Part V), Safety belts and nets (Part VII), Runways and ramps (Part VIII), Ladders (Part IX), and Scaffolds (Part X), which may be related to working at height.

If you use any hoisting machinery to work at height, then you must also ensure the Factories and Machinery (Notification, Certificate of Fitness and Inspection) Regulations 1970 are complied.

You should also refer to the Guidelines for the Prevention of Falls at Workplaces 2007 to help you decide the safest way to carry work at height.

Before a scissor lift is used you must conduct risk assessment especially on risks of people falling from or being thrown from the carrier, or the scissor lift overturning, and take precautions to eliminate or control those risks.

Before work starts make sure that:

• the work is properly planned;

• the operator is fully trained and is familiar with the performance and controls of the specific type of MEWP they are going to use (refer to manufacturer’s           instructions). There are courses on safe use of mobile elevated working platform conducted by MBAM to help your worker with this;

• there is a current report of inspection/ examination for the scissor lift;

• the scissor lift is fitted with an emergency stop at ground level which can be deployed if the carrier becomes trapped against a fixed structure;

• the work platform is provided with guard rails and toe boards or other suitable barriers;

• it is used on firm and level ground, which may have to be prepared in advance and any temporary covers are strong enough to withstand the applied pressure;

• the daily inspection has been completed. You may need to refer to the manufacturer’s instructions on this;

• any outriggers are extended and chocked as necessary before raising the platform;

• areas of the site where people may be struck by the platform or falling materials have been barriered off;

• other vehicles, such as delivery vehicles and forklifts etc, are segregated from the work area;

• the equipment is protected from adverse weather. High winds can tilt platforms and make them unstable. Establish a maximum safe wind speed for operation  (refer to the manufacturer’s instructions); and

• everyone knows what to do if the machine fails with the platform in the raised position.

When using scissor lift:

• do not operate scissor lift close to overhead cables or other dangerous machinery;

• do not allow people to climb out of the carrier to reach their work position. Work   must always be carried out from inside the carrier;

• do not allow a knuckle, or elbow, of the arm to protrude into a traffic route when working near vehicles;

• do not move the equipment with the platform in the raised position unless the equipment is designed to allow this to be done safely (check the manufacturer’s instructions).

If there is still a residual risk of impact or people falling after you have assessed the risks and put control measures in place, then the use of fall protection equipment should be considered, eg:

• when working next to or in a live road (eg street lighting work) where there is a risk of a vehicle hitting the scissor lift;

• when traveling with the carrier in a raised position where it may strike fixed objects in its path (eg branches, steel work);

• when traveling with the carrier in a raised position over uneven ground;

• during steel erection where the carrier has to move in and around the steelwork.

In practice, wearing a harness with a short work-restraint lanyard provides the most suitable form of personal fall protection as it stops the wearer from getting into a position where they could fall from the carrier in the first place (unless it is a scissor lift overturn). In this system, the harness does not normally have shock- absorbing capability and must be fixed to a suitable anchor point inside the carrier/basket.

Tiub keluli hendaklah dibuat menepati piawai tertentu. Peraturan 91 BOWECS menetapkan bahagian-bahagian perancah yang digunakan untuk pembinaan perancah tiub hendaklah daripada tiub keluli yang mematuhi kehendak BS 1139. Walaupun piawai BS 1139 telah dimansuhkan, penggunaan tiub BS 1139 masih dibenarkan. Selain itu, terdapat juga tiub yang dibina berdasarkan piawai yang terbaharu, iaitu BS EN 39. 

Tiub-tiub yang diperbuat berdasarkan piawai BS 1139 dan BS EN 39 mempunyai diameter luaran yang sama, iaitu 48.3 mm, dan tebal dinding namaan minimum (minimum nominal wall thickness) yang sama, iaitu 4 mm. Kekuatan reka bentuk tiub adalah 235 N/mm2. Tiub-tiub ini juga dipanggil type 4 steel tube.

Type 4 steel tube yang dibuat berdasarkan BS EN 39 boleh dikenal pasti oleh tandaan pada tiub pada sela jarak 1.5 m: ‘EN 39’ diikuti oleh nama pembuat dan nombor ‘4’, yang menunjukkan tebal dinding namaan minimum.

Penggunaan tiub yang mempunyai tebal dinding namaan nominal selain daripada 4 mm hendaklah dielak diguna bersama dengan type 4 steel tube, walaupun keduanya mempunyai diameter luaran yang sama, iaitu 48.3 mm. Contohnya, terdapat juga tiub keluli yang dibuat berdasarkan BS EN 10210-1 atau BS EN 39 yang mempunyai tebal dinding namaan minimum 3.2 mm. Selain itu, terdapat juga tiub yang dibuat berdasarkan BS EN 39 yang mempunyai tebal dinding namaan minumum 2 mm yang hanya boleh digunakan sebagai pelindung sisi (side protection).

“Access and working scaffolds” or simply “working scaffold” – temporary construction, which is required to provide a safe place of work for the erection, maintenance, repair or demolition of buildings and other structures and for the necessary access

A – Principal guard rail height of at least 1,000 mm, measured from the top of the platform to the top of the guard rail

B – Platform unit (unit either prefabricated or otherwise that supports a load on its own and which forms the platform or part of the platform and may form a structural part of the working scaffold) 

Platform – one or more platform units in one level within a bay

C – Transom – Horizontal member normally in the direction of the smaller dimensions of the working scaffold

D – Bracing in vertical plane (longitudinal diagonal), (facade bracing)

E – Coupler – Device used to connect two tubes

F – Bracing in vertical plane (transverse diagonal)

G – Foot lift is a structural lift at the foot of the scaffold

H – Typically around 300 mm above the base plates 

I – Sole boards – Boards placed under the base plates to support the scaffold on soft ground

J – Base plate – Plate used for spreading the load in a standard over a greater area

Base jack is a base plate which has a means of vertical adjustment

K – Ledgers – Horizontal tubes fixed above the ledgers with putlog couplers, supporting the platform

L – Standard – Vertical tubes supporting the scaffold structure, founded on base plates

M – Toe boards – Upright boards fixed at the edges of platforms to prevent materials or workers’ feet from slipping from the platform

N – Intermediate guard rail

O – Puncheon

P – Pivoting guard rail

Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (AKKP) mewajibkan majikan untuk menyediakan, secara bertulis, dasar keselamatan dan kesihatan (DKK). DKK menyatakan pendekatan majikan terhadap keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan (KKP). 

DKK menerangkan bagaimana majikan mengurus KKP di tempat kerja dengan menyatakan dengan jelas pekerja yang telah dilantik untuk buat apa, bila dan bagaimana. 

AKKP menetapkan tiga perkara utama yang perlu terkandung dalam DKK iaitu pernyataan dasar am, organisasi dan perkiraan. Majikan juga dikehendaki, seberapa kerap yang sesuai, mengkaji semula DKK. 

Majikan hendaklah maklumkan DKK kepada semua pekerjanya. Pemakluman semula hendaklah dilaksanakan jika terdapat perubahan kepada DKK.

Kontraktor/majikan hendaklah memastikan semua kerja angkat dirancang, dengan mengambil kira semua risiko KKP, supaya ianya dapat dilaksanakan dengan selamat. 

Bagi tujuan ini kontraktor/majikan hendaklah melantik pekerja yang mempunyai pengetahuan praktikal dan teoretikal dan pengalaman yang mencukupi berkenaan kerja angkat yang akan dibuat supaya pelan kerja angkat yang sesuai dapat disediakan sebelum kerja angkat bermula. 

Pelan kerja angkat haruslah mengandungi perkara-perkara berikut supaya kerja angkat dibuat dengan selamat.

1. Bahaya dan keadaan tapak yang dikenalpasti

2. Skop kerja

3. Sumber yang diperlukan (jenis mesin angkat, operator, beban dan aksesori)

4. Langkah kawalan risiko

5. Perkara lain seperti akses, cuaca persekitaran

6. Prosedur kecemasan

7. Isyarat

8. Pelan susun atur tapak dan mesin angkat

9. Sistem kerja selamat - metodologi termasuklah semasa pra-angkat dan pasca angkat 

10. Pasukan kerja angkat